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    Estudio revela altos niveles de daño cerebral en jugadores de la NFL

    Los afectados padecen encefalopatía traumática crónica, una enfermedad asociada a reiterados golpes en la cabeza; la NFL respalda la investigación.


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    Green Bay Packers and New York Giants players line up at the line of scrimmage prior to the snap of the football during the NFC wild card NFL football game between the New York Giants against the Green Bay Packers, Sunday, Jan 8, 2017, in Green Bay, Wis. The Packers won 38-13. (Scott Boehm via AP)

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    Green Bay Packers and New York Giants players line up at the line of scrimmage prior to the snap of the football during the NFC wild card NFL football game between the New York Giants against the Green Bay Packers, Sunday, Jan 8, 2017, in Green Bay, Wis. The Packers won 38-13. (Scott Boehm via AP)

    Estudios médicos realizados a 202 exjugadores de fútbol americano encontraron evidencias de enfermedades cerebrales en casi todos, desde jugadores de la NFL, a nivel universitario y hasta la secundaria.

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    Esta es la mayor actualización en la información disponible sobre encefalopatía traumática crónica, una enfermedad vinculada con reiterados golpes a la cabeza.

    La enfermedad ha sido relacionada a golpes repetidos a la cabeza y los resultados del estudio confirman que hasta los jugadores más jóvenes podrían estar expuestos a la misma.

    FILE- In this Aug 13, 2016, file photo, youngsters play in a pee-wee football game during halftime of a preseason NFL football game between the Los Angeles Rams and the Dallas Cowboys in Los Angeles. In the raging debate over the link between hard football hits and brain injuries, a slew of states have passed laws requiring players with concussions to sit out of games and get medical evaluations, but apparently only in one state, New York, has a lawmaker proposed taking the ultimate step, banning tackle football. (AP Photo/Ryan Kang, File)

    Imagen AP-NFL
    FILE- In this Aug 13, 2016, file photo, youngsters play in a pee-wee football game during halftime of a preseason NFL football game between the Los Angeles Rams and the Dallas Cowboys in Los Angeles. In the raging debate over the link between hard football hits and brain injuries, a slew of states have passed laws requiring players with concussions to sit out of games and get medical evaluations, but apparently only in one state, New York, has a lawmaker proposed taking the ultimate step, banning tackle football. (AP Photo/Ryan Kang, File)

    El reporte no confirma que el padecimiento sea común en todos los jugadores, pero refleja una alta ocurrencia en las muestras disponibles en un banco de cerebros de Boston que estudia la enfermedad. Muchos donantes o sus familias contribuyeron debido a las reiteradas conmociones cerebrales sufridas por los jugadores y síntomas preocupantes antes de su muerte.

    Cleveland Browns quarterback Cody Kessler (6) struggles to his feet after taking a hit before being taken into the locker room for a concussion protocol in the first half of an NFL football game against the Cincinnati Bengals, Sunday, Oct. 23, 2016, in Cincinnati. (AP Photo/Gary Landers)

    Imagen AP-NFL
    Cleveland Browns quarterback Cody Kessler (6) struggles to his feet after taking a hit before being taken into the locker room for a concussion protocol in the first half of an NFL football game against the Cincinnati Bengals, Sunday, Oct. 23, 2016, in Cincinnati. (AP Photo/Gary Landers)

    “Muchas preguntas aún no tienen respuesta”, dijo la principal autora del estudio, la doctora Ann McKee, neuróloga de la Universidad de Boston. “¿Cuán común es esto en la población en general y entre los jugadores de fútbol americano?”.

    “¿Cuántos años de fútbol son demasiados?”, y “¿cuál es el riesgo genético? Algunos jugadores no muestran evidencia de esta enfermedad pese a que jugaron durante muchos años”, dijo.

    Carolina Panthers linebacker Luke Kuechly (59) is carted from the field after sustaining a shoulder injury and a possible concussion in action against the New Orleans Saints Thursday November 17, 2016 in Charlotte, N.C. (Damian Strohmeyer via AP)

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    Carolina Panthers linebacker Luke Kuechly (59) is carted from the field after sustaining a shoulder injury and a possible concussion in action against the New Orleans Saints Thursday November 17, 2016 in Charlotte, N.C. (Damian Strohmeyer via AP)

    Tampoco está claro si el estilo de vida de los jugadores - alcohol, drogas, esteroides, dieta - pudiera contribuir de alguna manera, dijo McKee.

    El doctor Munro Cullum, un neurosicólogo del Centro Médico de la Universidad de Texas Southwestern, enfatizó que el reporte está basado en una muestra selectiva de hombres que no necesariamente son representativos de todos los jugadores de fútbol americano.

    FILE - In this Jan. 8, 2017, file photo, Pittsburgh Steelers outside linebacker Bud Dupree (48) hits Miami Dolphins quarterback Matt Moore (8) during the first half of an AFC Wild Card NFL football game in Pittsburgh. There are still gaps in the NFL concussion protocol - what happened with Moore in the playoffs, for example - and it is never good when teams are forced to start backup quarterbacks in the postseason because of injuries to others. (AP Photo/Fred Vuich, File)

    Imagen AP-NFL
    FILE - In this Jan. 8, 2017, file photo, Pittsburgh Steelers outside linebacker Bud Dupree (48) hits Miami Dolphins quarterback Matt Moore (8) during the first half of an AFC Wild Card NFL football game in Pittsburgh. There are still gaps in the NFL concussion protocol - what happened with Moore in the playoffs, for example - and it is never good when teams are forced to start backup quarterbacks in the postseason because of injuries to others. (AP Photo/Fred Vuich, File)

    Dijo que ciertos problemas independientes de la encefalopatía traumática pudieran explicar algunos de los síntomas previos a sus muertes _ depresión, impulsividad y cambios de conducta. Cullum no participó en el estudio.

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    La NFL emitió una declaración en la que dijo que esos reportes son importantes para avanzar la ciencia de los traumas cerebrales y dijo que la liga “continuará trabajando con una amplia gama de expertos para mejorar la salud de los deportivas y ex deportistas".

    Purdue running back D.J. Knox (1) is knocked out of the air by Minnesota linebacker Jack Lynn (50) as he leaps over the tackling efforts of Minnesota defensive back Antonio Johnson (11) during the first half of an NCAA college football game, Saturday, Oct. 10, 2015, in West Lafayette, Ind. (AP Photo/Doug McSchooler)

    Imagen AP-NFL
    Purdue running back D.J. Knox (1) is knocked out of the air by Minnesota linebacker Jack Lynn (50) as he leaps over the tackling efforts of Minnesota defensive back Antonio Johnson (11) during the first half of an NCAA college football game, Saturday, Oct. 10, 2015, in West Lafayette, Ind. (AP Photo/Doug McSchooler)

    En 2016, la liga prometió 100 millones de dólares en apoyo a la investigación médica independiente y los avances en ingeniería en temas relacionados con la neurociencia, además de los $ 100 millones que la NFL y sus socios ya están gastando en investigación médica y neurocientífica.

    Indianapolis Colts outside linebacker Erik Walden (93) waves for training staff for Kansas City Chiefs quarterback Alex Smith (11) after he was hit during the NFL regular season football game on Sunday, Oct. 30, 2016 in Indianapolis. The Chiefs won, 30-14. Smith suffered a concussion during the game. (Ric Tapia via AP)

    Imagen AP-NFL
    Indianapolis Colts outside linebacker Erik Walden (93) waves for training staff for Kansas City Chiefs quarterback Alex Smith (11) after he was hit during the NFL regular season football game on Sunday, Oct. 30, 2016 in Indianapolis. The Chiefs won, 30-14. Smith suffered a concussion during the game. (Ric Tapia via AP)

    La NFL ha hecho 47 cambios de reglas desde 2002 para proteger a los jugadores, mejorar los métodos de práctica, educar mejor a los jugadores y al personal sobre las conmociones cerebrales y fortalecer los protocolos médicos de la liga. La NFL despliega a 29 profesionales médicos al margen de cada juego.


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